Chemical Defense: A Comprehensive Process for a Detect-to-Warn Capability to Save Lives

Situation/problem: Chemical terrorism or an unintentional chemical release in any mass-gathering venue poses significant challenges in terms of response. Chemical gas/vapor detection is key to providing a detect-to-warn capability, but simply placing detectors without a comprehensive process may lead to lack of confidence in the detectors (due to false alarm), delayed detector response or warning to patrons or transit authorities, and gaps in response actions leading to increased chemical casualties.  Technology alone is NOT THE ANSWER.

Resolution: Using information from a current homeland security demonstration project, policy analysis and literature review, a system process is proposed to design, integrate and implement a detect-to-warn capability to save lives.

Results: This system process begins with a comprehensive risk assessment of the chemical threats. Chemical detector performance specifications are then established to articulate technical requirements for the detectors. Then, current chemical detection technology reviews lead to the selection of specific model(s) of detectors. Detector placement analysis is then derived from chemical dispersion modeling. A concept of operations plan is then developed to articulate response actions. Finally, a training and exercise program is required for operator proficiency to execute specific response actions effectively.